Vimarsh

Bilabials These are sounds formed using both (= bi) upper and lower lips (= labia). The initial sounds in the words pat , bat and mat are all bilabials . They are represented by the symbols [p], which is voiceless, and [b] and [m], which are voiced. We can also describe the [w] sound found at the beginning of way , walk and world as a bilabial. Labiodentals These are sounds formed with the upper teeth and the lower lip. The initial sounds of the words fat and vat and the final sounds in the words safe and save are labiodentals . They are represented by the symbols [f], which is voiceless, and [v], which is voiced. Notice that the final sound in the word cough , and the initial sound in photo , despite the spelling differences, are both pronounced as [f]. Dentals These sounds are formed with the tongue tip behind the upper front teeth. The initial sound of thin and the final sound of bath are both voiceless dentals . The symbol used for this sound is [ θ ], usually refer...

Abstract: There are at least nineteen films in different Indian languages on this novel Devdas by Sharadbabu. This is what Eco distinguishes between types and tokens (Eco, 1976).   The last film entitled ‘Dev.D’ (Kashyap, 2009) released in February 2009. No one has claimed that the film is based on the classic Bengali novel Devdas (Sharatchandra, 1917). But, everybody knows that the film is about Devdas, on the basis of the characters, setting and story. Now, the twist is, the Devdas is living in 21 st century, and he is not Bengali, and the majority of the film is in Delhi and not in Calcutta. The director of the film, Anurag Kashyap, made a statement, “the tragedy of Devdas was due to the absence of communication, but what will happen in the situation like the present time when you have abundance of communication.” Of course, there have been many differences between original text and the modern film, the type and the token. Which kinds of compromises are possible...